Taaruf
High blood pressure, jise hypertension bhi kaha jata hai, aik aam lekin sangin halat hai jo duniya bhar mein lakhon afraad ko mutasir karti hai. Yeh us waqt hoti hai jab khoon ki shariyanon ki deewaron ke khilaf khoon ka dabao musalsal zyada hota hai, jis se dil ko poore jism mein khoon pump karne ke liye zyada mehnat karni padti hai.
Blood pressure ko do numbaron se mapa jata hai:
- Systolic Pressure (oper wala numbar): Jab dil dharakta hai to dabao ki pemaish karta hai
- Diastolic Pressure (neeche wala numbar): Jab dil dharaknon ke darmiyan aaram karta hai to dabao ki pemaish karta hai
Blood Pressure Ki Aqsam:
- Normal: 120/80 mmHg se kam
- Buland: 120-129/80 mmHg
- Hypertension Marhala 1: 130-139/80-89 mmHg
- Hypertension Marhala 2: 140/90 mmHg ya us se zyada
- Hypertensive Bohran: 180/120 mmHg ya us se zyada (emergency)
High Blood Pressure Ke Baare Mein Aham Haqa'iq:
- Duniya bhar mein 1.28 billion se zyada baligh afraad ko hypertension hai
- Hypertension walay sirf 1 mein se 4 baligh afraad is par qabu pate hain
- Hypertension walay taqreeban 46% baligh afraad ko is ka ilm nahi
- High blood pressure dil ki bimari aur falij ki aham wajah hai
- Pakistan mein South Asia mein hypertension ki sharah sab se zyada hai
- Pakistan ke 18-25% baligh afraad ko high blood pressure honay ka andaza hai
Alamat
High Blood Pressure Ki Aam Alamat:
Aham: High blood pressure mein aksar koi alamat nahi hoti, yahi wajah hai ke ise khamosh qatil kaha jata hai.
Mumkinah Alamat Jo Ho Sakti Hain:
- Shadeed sar dard
- Sans lene mein dushwari
- Naak se khoon aana
- Chehre ka surkh hona ya garami mehsoos hona
- Chakar aana ya halka sar mehsoos hona
- Sine mein dard
- Basarat mein tabdeeli
- Peshab mein khoon
- Thakawat ya uljhan
- Dil ki ba-tarteeb dharakan
Wajoohat
High Blood Pressure Ki Wajoohat:
1. Buniyadi (Zaroori) Hypertension - 90-95% cases:
- Jeenyati awamil
- Maholi awamil
- Tarz-e-zindagi ke awamil
2. Sanwi Hypertension - 5-10% cases:
A. Garde Ki Halaten:
- Daimi garde ki bimari
- Glomerulonephritis
- Polycystic garde ki bimari
- Renal artery stenosis
B. Endocrine Awariz:
- Primary aldosteronism
- Cushing syndrome
- Pheochromocytoma
- Hyperthyroidism
- Hypothyroidism
C. Arooqi Halaten:
- Aortic coarctation
- Vasculitis
D. Neend Ke Awariz:
- Rukawat wali neend ki kami
E. Adwiyat Aur Mawaad:
- Zubani maneh hamal goliyan
- Decongestants
- Pain killers (NSAIDs)
- Steroids
- Immunosuppressants
- Antidepressants
Fori Madad Ki Zaroorat Hai? Hamara Duty Doctor 24/7 Dastiyab Hai
Qatar chhodein. Abhi PMDC registered doctor se fori mashwara hasil karein.
Abhi Rabta KareinKhatre Ke Awamil
High Blood Pressure Ke Khatre Ke Awamil:
Ghair Qabil-e-Tabdeel Khatre Ke Awamil:
1. Umar: 45 saal ke baad mardon mein, 65 ke baad khwateen mein
2. Khandani tareekh
3. Nasal: Junubi Asiai sab se zyada khatra
Qabil-e-Tabdeel Khatre Ke Awamil:
1. Namak ka zyada istemal
2. Phalon aur sabziyon ki kami
3. Jismani ghair faaliyat
4. Motapa (BMI >= 25)
5. Tanav aur bechaini
6. Neend ki kami
7. Tambaku ka istemal
8. Alcohol ka zyada istemal
Junubi Asiai Makhsoos Khatre Ke Awamil:
- BMI >= 23 ko zyada wazan samjha jata hai
- Pait ki chiknai ka zyada jama hona
- Aghaz ki ibtadai umar
- Namak ki hassasiyat ke liye jeenyati rujhan
Tashkhees
High Blood Pressure Ki Tashkhees:
Blood Pressure Ki Pemaish:
1. Office Blood Pressure:
- 5 minute aaram karein
- Kamaar sahaare ke sath bethain
- Paon farash par flat
- Bazoo dil ki satah par
- 2-3 readings lein
2. Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring (ABPM):
- 24 ghante ki nigrani
- Har 15-30 minute par reading
3. Gharelu Nigrani:
- Ghar par khud pemaish
- KAI dinon mein readings
Blood Pressure Ki Aqsam:
| Qism | Systolic | Diastolic |
|------|----------|-----------|
| Normal | < 120 | aur < 80 |
| Buland | 120-129 | aur < 80 |
| Marhala 1 | 130-139 | ya 80-89 |
| Marhala 2 | >= 140 | ya >= 90 |
| Bohran | >= 180 | ya >= 120 |
Izafi Tests:
- CBC, Blood glucose, Lipid profile
- Kidney function, Liver function
- ECG, Echocardiogram