Diabetes is a chronic condition that affects how your body processes blood sugar (glucose). With diabetes, your body either doesn't make enough insulin or can't effectively use the insulin it does make. There are several types of diabetes, including type 1, type 2, and gestational diabetes. Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune condition where your immune system attacks and destroys the insulin-producing cells in your pancreas. This type usually develops in children and young adults, and people with type 1 diabetes need to take insulin every day to survive. Type 2 diabetes is more common and usually develops in adults, though we're seeing more cases in younger people due to rising obesity rates. In type 2 diabetes, your body becomes resistant to insulin or doesn't produce enough insulin. This type can often be managed through lifestyle changes like diet and exercise, though many people eventually need medication. Gestational diabetes occurs during pregnancy when hormones interfere with insulin function. While it usually goes away after delivery, it increases both the mother's and child's risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life. Common symptoms of diabetes include: - Increased thirst and frequent urination - Extreme hunger - Unexplained weight loss - Fatigue - Blurred vision - Slow-healing sores - Frequent infections If you experience these symptoms, it's important to see your doctor. Early diagnosis and treatment can help prevent serious complications like heart disease, nerve damage, kidney damage, eye damage, foot damage, skin conditions, and hearing impairment. Managing diabetes involves: 1. Regular blood sugar monitoring 2. Healthy eating (focusing on vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins) 3. Regular physical activity 4. Maintaining a healthy weight 5. Taking prescribed medications 6. Regular check-ups with your healthcare team Recent advancements in diabetes care include continuous glucose monitors and insulin pumps that can automatically adjust insulin delivery. Research continues into artificial pancreas systems and potential cures through stem cell therapy.